A Better Place for a Factory

After taking every possible factor into consideration, Vietnam is chosen as a better alternative to build a factory instead of Croatia and Botswana. The purpose of this report is to explain the reasons why Vietnam is an advisable choice, the selection of international direct investment as entry mode, as well as the risk assessment and management.When it comes to the investment in Vietnam, the obvious reason first come to people's mind is cheap labour, but in this report, a deep analysis of Vietnam will be done by adopting PESTEL, which analyse from the perspectives of political spect, economic aspect, social aspect, technological aspect, environmental aspect, as well as legal aspect, the result turn out Vietnam is more feasible for mobile phone manufacture than another two countries. As to the selection of entry mode, direct investment will be the primary alternative for Vietnam, because most factors in the eclectic theory of Dunning can be settled in Vietnam.Further assessment and s olution to the probable risks will also be given. To put it into a nutshell, the research demonstrates the background and advantages of Vietnam as a destination to build actory, together with the decision of entry mode and risk management. Introduction Vietnam, a country which occupies an area of 329,000 square kilometres, locates in the southeast part of Asia. 3/4 of its territory is distributed with mountain and plateau. The number of its population is 86,160,000. As a developing country, its economy is developing rapidly. It maintains trade relationship with more than 150 countries around the global.Because of its astonishing economic growth, numerous enterprises are getting interested in establishing business in this country. Vietnam has for some years now been aggressively expanding its national nfrastructure and growing its subscriber bases across all market segments. All kinds of industries are booming here, including mobile phone manufacturing industry. At the same time, inc reasing amount of international factories is entering the market and gain sustainable success. Therefore, it would be a wise choice to set a manufacturing point in this country.Full analysis in Vietnam Political reasons As is known, Vietnam is a communist country. The government made a wise decision to establish a plan, which is called doi moi, which is also called â€Å"open door policy'. In order to develop the economic and attract foreign investment, the plan includes abolishing official price controls, devaluing the Dong to the prevailing market rate and so on (Embassy of the United States, 2005). Since the open door policy has been implemented, Vietnam has experienced a rapid growth, also poverty in Vietnam decreased dramatically.The government ot Vietnam is continuing to make changes to maintain the pace of growth and encourage foreign investment. They set an award, called â€Å"Golden Dragon Awards†, to honour enterprises funded by foreign investment. According to Pre ss Release, in 2005, they adopted the Provincial Competitiveness Index (PCI) to rank every province's business-friendliness to compare the provinces equally. There are indications that the Vietnam's government is wise and welcomes foreign investment. Economic reasons After various changes have been taken, Vietnam's GDP is rising dramatically and reached $121. billion in 2011(The World Bank, 2011), and its foreign investment is rapidly increasing too. As GDP growing, Vietnamese citizens' incomes are increasing. On November 7, 2006, Vietnam was officially recognized by the international ommunity as the 1 50th WTO member, which means Vietnam will be bound by the international rules of law in regards to trade, the market potential is substantial and US firms can benefit from these. Investors of America believe that Vietnam would become the next â€Å"Asian Tiger. † More than $3 billion investment flowed into Vietnam after Vietnam and America re-established diplomatic relations.Vi etnam is Asia's second fastest growing economy after China, and Vietnam will become the world's 17th largest economy by 2025 (S. Karmel, 2008). Vietnam also has abundant natural resources, so it is good place for manufacturing business. Factory investment continues to pour into Vietnam, even faster than China and India (fgurel) Figurel Social reasons In Vietnam, more than 95% of the population can write and read. English has been the second language in Vietnam and is taught at the high school level, which means training workers is much easier than in Botswana. The population aged 65 and over accounted for only 5. %, and the labour force accounted for 60% of the total population, with an average age of only 24. 5 years old. Low cost for skilled workers is the main reason why we choose Vietnam, while Chinese wages are still less than $1 n hour, factory workers in Vietnam earn as little as $50 a month for a 48-hour workweek, including Saturdays(Clemen, 2006). Technological reasons Acco rding to National Trade Estimate Report (2012), the new test and assembly plant is being built in Ho Chi Minh City and will be completed in 2013, employing more than 2,400 workers eventually.For example, in Vietnam, Nike has been employing more than 150,000 people since 2002. When Intel's factories finished, Vietnam will have a high-tech manufacturing factory, except clothing and footwear assembly. Other recent high-tech firms include Fujitsu, Canon and Toshiba. Our factory will get benefits from this. Environmental reasons It isobvious that in the situation of global economic integration, phones are not made by one factory, and most components of phones are come from different countries.Screens usually come from South Korea and chips come from Taiwan, while the flash memory mostly comes from Japan. Vietnam is close to these countries, and Shipping from Vietnam to America is 7% to 9% cheaper than from its neighbours. Finally, infrastructure within Vietnam continues to improve to sup port developing industries. The road network has increased in quality and more than doubled in length since Electricity is available in all urban areas and in 88% ot rural households, and improved water supplies are accessible to 49% of the population, up 23% from 1993 (The World Bank).Investments in infrastructure accounts for 10% of Vietnam's GDP in 2010, this high level investment will continually improve infrastructures of Vietnam. Legal reasons Mr. Shu (2010), the chief financial officer of Texhong, said, â€Å"Communism means more stability, it is a common view among Asian executives. † At least a few American executives agree, although they never say so on the record.In order to maintain social security, Vietnamese government does not encourage employees to strike, they take labour disputes and strikes seriously, often take the initiative and come forward to deal with them, hoping that both employers and employees are properly handled to avoid large-scale strikeo Vietn am formulated the â€Å"Foreign Investment Law† in 1987, the law includes: In Vietnam, co-operation enterprise can be carried out in cooperation with a foreign-owned enterprise or establishing a new foreign-owned enterprise; for the companies engaged in mechanical and electronic parts roduction, there is a five-year exemption from the production of raw materials, supplies, spare parts import tax. In order to attract more investment for foreign investors, Vietnamese government requires the local government to simplify and reduce unnecessary procedures, and also seriously deal with corruption. Mode of Entry International direct investment is recommended as a mode of entry in this report. The definition of direct investment is that a country invests into another country establishing operations or getting tangible assets, including risks in other businesses (Maitena Ducel, Banco de Espana, 2003).Reasons why we choose this mode of entry is based on the eclectic theory of (Dunning, 1993), which will be analyzed in detail in the following part. Three aspects can affect a company's decision regarding entry mode, namely, ownership, location, and internalization. 1 . Ownership advantages From the perspective of ownership, we use international direct investment as the mode of entry to Vietnam is reasonable. The first factor that should be taken into consideration is that our company owns the whole technology of mobile phone manufacturing and the patent of phones are belong to us, so there is no need to use oint venture, which may cause profits and technology outflow. Phone's remarkable achievement is a good example. Furthermore, compare with Vietnam, our company owns relatively mature and advanced management skills in this area, so if we do not choose direct investment as the mode of entry, it will bring unnecessary contradiction and difference of opinions to us when we make decisions about the management of our phone factory. 2. Location advantages In Dunning's t heory, he suggested that the location is the key point when we use direct investment. Due to the high cost of human resource of the United States, anufacturing industry is no longer competitive in US as before. In contrast, Vietnam owns many advantages.Vietnam is located in the south area of Asia-Pacific region, near Japan, Taiwan and China, which means factory in Vietnam could get in global production cooperation. Asia-Pacific region enjoys a huge potential market, especially China. The world first large population will likely to provide the market for the mobile tlrm set in Vietnam. This market- seeking motive point also comes trom the theory ot Buckley and Casson(Buckley and Casson, 1998). (Vandemoortele, Milo; Bird, Kate, 2010). Besides this factor, the cheap and abundant labour resources are available is another advantage for building factory in Vietnam. Also, the Vietnamese government provides plenty of incentive policy for encouraging foreign direct investment, such as exempt ion of import tax.Based on these location advantages, we choose international direct investment. 3. Internalization Our firm is based in the United States. With the abundant experience in managing multinational business, the firm is able to internalize the Vietnamese local situation and take the most advantage of all those merits and decrease the cost. By August 2005, Vietnam had 5,618 foreign-investment projects, and with the total capitalization at $49 billion in the country, while the direct investment had reached $3. 2 billion by the end of July 2005(Clemen, 2006). According these data, we believe choosing direct investment as the mode of entry to Vietnam is a reasonable and promising choice.Risk Assessment and Risk Management In spite of the advantages of Vietnam, risks still exist. Risks can be divided into several parts as follow. Environment risk in Vietnam is about its climate change and natural disaster. Like Philippines and Cambodia, Vietnam is a coastal country that requ ently suffers from catastrophe like Typhoon, storm, earthquake and Tsunami, which may lead to some economic risks. For example, in 2012, the flood in Indonesia resulted in the shutdown of the hard disks workers and then led to upward price in hard drives globally. This may happen in Vietnam, too. However, this risk can be prevented if handled before the disaster happens.For instance, the company can consult experts of geology to find a proper position to build factories (upland or dry area). And the building materials should be chosen carefully to stand against those isasters, for example, reinforced concrete. The structure of building also need to be paid attention to, earthquake proof and storm proof construction would be a smart choice. Apart from the environmental risk, technological risks also exist. Although economy is developing rapidly in Vietnam with the gradually mature infrastructure system, it still confronted with some problems, including delayed port and other infrastr ucture, and depends heavily on its neighbour countries for transhipments. Eric Johnson, American Shipper, 2013)However, this sort of risk can be handled in nother way. The US mobile manufacturing firm can set the plants in the manufacturing district where infrastructure is relatively mature. In this case, the risk can be avoided. Furthermore, geopolitical risks should be considered in this report. As mentioned above in the analysis of mode of entry, Vietnam is one of the world's four remaining single-party socialist states, and it is highly government oriented in terms of culture and medium. ( Vuong, Q. H. ; Dam, V. N,Van Houtte, D. ; and Tran, T. D. Dec. 2011). This may result in corruption in the company. Regarding the risk of the ompany, the following advice can be put forward.First of all, transparency of the company's management should be improved, which includes holding stockholders' meeting at regular intervals, selecting the representatives of the staffs. Additionally, super vising and monitoring system should be improved in the company. W more, election of the leaders of the company should be honest, fair and regularly. In addition, in terms of societal risks, the income inequality leads to regular strike in Vietnam. Like China, Vietnam does not offer complete tranquillity either. For instance, workers re becoming more vocal and staging more strikes, despite a government ban on independent unions. Nearly 20,000 workers walked out this spring at a Nike shoe factory run by a Taiwanese contractor.Only when given a 10 percent raise to $55 a month and the workers went back to work. In this case, it is not difficult to find an appropriate solution. Firstly, make sure the rest time of the staff. Specifically, two days weekend and 8 hour's working hours should be guaranteed, with overtime offered diploid salary. Secondly, incentive and encouragement in public shall be given to stimulate the motivation of the staff. Thirdly, company managers should keep in trac k of the thoughts of the staffs, how they are satisfied with their working situation, what they need etc. Fourthly, improving the welfare of the workers, for example, providing adequate subsidiaries and health insurance will help to reassure the public.Conclusion To sum up, choosing Vietnam as the destination of mobile phone manufactory is more advantageous than Croatia and Botswana, which means fewer obstacles, more opportunities, more support, and more resources. Though it comes along with some risks, they can be avoided by many effective measures.

Success

Success in my own words. Success is an enigmatic entity. Most of us pursue it as a fixed entity that will magically leave us content. But according to me, that is as far from the truth as can be. Because contentment is the enemy of success. The moment I were to feel that I am content, is the moment my success stops. The passion to challenge myself is the fuel that I need to burn in order to keep achieving success. It is very common in India that right from a very young age, our success is measured as a factor relative to the success of our peers.I do not try to compare myself with others, which I think is the most destructive thing one can do. Every person is unique, and every person has their own strengths and weaknesses. I have always believed that I am my own best friend. And my idea of a best friend is someone with whom I can compete fiercely, and constantly. This means that I am always trying to outdo myself. Each time I reach the peak of my achievement, I would've already set m y eyes on something higher. And I am relentless in my pursuit of any and every goal I set for myself.This does not mean that I do not revel in my moments of achievement. I give myself the occasional pat on the back. And I think it is essential to do so, because motivation is like the lubricant that keeps the gears of success going. And as an engine with copious amounts of fuel, without a lubricant, eventually grinds to a halt, damaging the engine permanently, without motivation, one's success may seem to go leaps and bounds in the beginning, but eventually will come to a complete and permanent halt. I have seen many people be deliberately unenthusiastic about their achievements to he outside world.This will eventually lead to a never ending void in us, that no amount of success can fill. Success is a thing to be celebrated, and something hidden from the world is never a celebration. But once again, we must be careful not to let ourselves run amok, as there is a very thin line that s eparates celebration from extravagance. And extravagance almost always leads to lethargy, dousing the flames of passion and motivation. And that is where the final ingredient in this mechanism of success comes in- hard work.If passion is the fuel and motivation the lubricant that runs the engine of success, then hard work is the spark plug that ignites the mixture, and keeps it burning strong. Without hard work, no great plans of grandeur can come to fruition. I think that a perfect balance of passion, motivation and hard work is what is required to achieve long lasting, tangible success. If either one goes out of proportion, then success becomes elusive and seemingly impossible to achieve.

Personal Creativity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Personal Creativity - Essay Example The main difference is that innovation mostly involves improvement of an idea initially created by a different party while creativity involves one’s own idea. With respect to the current highly competitive and ever dynamic world creativity has become the greatest perquisite in solving the serious global macro economic problems in the four economic eras of agricultural, industrial, informational and innovational activities. Chapter 2 Description and Contextualization of the Event The event involved preparing our friends Mary's14th birthday scheduled for the coming weekend. We were six of us, me, 15 years of age, molly 14, Jane 14, Juliet 16, Meg 15, and Mary the birthday girl. Having initially prepared another friends birthday party two months ago and ended up to be a success, my friend Mary also requested me to prepare hers. The main idea here was to come up with an event, which will please all our friends and remain as long as forever in their minds. Most of Mary’s fri ends were her schoolmates and therefore, having the party at her home  would not have been possible for her  since her home was far away from school and so it would have been for most of her school friends to attend. According to the school rules, taking of alcohol, playing loud music and staying awake past midnight was prohibited and therefore, my presence was needed  in organizing the party especially when it came to keeping  all her schoolmate guests entertained despite the rules. The actual date was on a Friday but we had to push it to that Saturday when the students were free (Csikszentmihalyi, 2006). Mary had received 700 dollars grant from the parents to organize for the party and so we had to budget on that money to make it a success. The main venue was the music room, which was free that Saturday. That Friday morning, Meg and Juliet went shopping for decorations to decorate the music room while Mary and I went to one of our teachers, Mrs. Jones to check on the birth day cake’s progress. Mrs. Jones our music tutor had offered to bake a birthday cake for Mary for she was among her favorite students. We also sent reminders to our guests by dropping notes under their doors and texting others. It the evening we headed for the music room where we transferred all the music instruments to the store and rearranged the chairs for convenient intermingling among the students. We packed snacks in well-designed boxes bearing Mary’s birthday message we had previously ordered to be designed by the arts senior class. Among the snacks included biscuits, candies, crisps, nuts and a glass of juice. There were some voluntary entertainers from the music class so I planned their order of presentation in the party. The party was scheduled to start at 1600hrs and end at around 2200 hours. Among the distinguished invited guests was Mrs. Jones our music tutor and Mr. Johnson the patron for exceptional events in school. By Saturday lunchtime I had made sure the room was well decorate, chairs arranged and the birth day was already decorated and on the table. Chapter 3 Analysis and Evaluation Preparation Preparation with respect to my event involved collecting data, which justified that my concern for the success of Mary’s party (Benson & Proctor, 2003).The data collected was the amount of money we had, number of guests we had expected, the sitting capacity in the music room. I also had to consider the

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Management - Essay Example Therefore the relationship between product-mix flexibility and capacity utilization is that the two factors are directly related. A higher degree of product-mix flexibility leads to a higher degree of capacity utilization. Because the company is able to vary output according to demand, idle capacity is minimized. As a result capacity utilization is maximized. By implementing the strategy of product-mix flexibility, the company is able to manufacturing a range of different products by using the same equipment. As a result the management is able to recoup the maximum return from the investment made in the equipment. In this manner the utilization rate of the production line is maximized. Thus product-mix flexibility is directly related to capacity utilization. Higher levels of product-mix flexibility reduce the production lines’ sensitivity to demand fluctuations. By implementing a flexible manufacturing system (FMS), the production line is able to maintain a mix of products tha t is able to adapt to any changes in the demand structure. In order to implement the strategy of product mix flexibility, the management has to introduce the technology of the flexible manufacturing system. The FMS facilitates the building of a production line that can produce a range of different products with minimal changes required in the same. ... This was the innovation introduced by Fiat’s management. By implementing the Robogate technology, Fiat aimed to create a flexible production system which would be able to achieve product-mix flexibility according to market demand. The technology was developed in-house. It was deployed in the spot-welding shop and was so named because the nine welding stations were called gates. The deployment of Robogate signaled Fiat’s quest for increasing production flexibility. The production limit for Robogate technology deployed at Rivalta and Cassino was set at 1400 cars per day. However it could vary the output levels between different models, Uno and Ritmo at Rivalta, Regata and Ritmo at Cassino. By allowing production managers to process a range of cars in a random sequence, the Robogate technology aimed to incorporate market-driven fluctuations into capacity utilization. However whether this innovation enabled the company to maximize capacity utilization is questioned by the a uthor in this article. The technology was certainly able to minimize the cycle-time of finishing but capacity utilization still fluctuated as before in the traditional system. The problem with implementing the technology was that the production philosophy was still defined according to the traditional system of cycle-time minimization rather than flexibility maximization. As a result, the Robogate technology failed to increase the rate of capacity utilization. But aside from that question, the superiority of the Robogate technology over other techniques was overwhelming. The Robogate itself was flexible. However because the platform and body welding lines upstream were still

Business decieon making Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business decieon making - Assignment Example Whereas the institution will provide enough facilities for the students for proper learning, it will prepare them psychologically for the cramped state of the job market. Furthermore, the facility will provide students with practical skills for living positively. It is essential that students learn about life skills and the best ways to cope in the society and adhere to expected norms. Thus, although the institution will not be biased to any religious setting, it will labor to provide the right guidance to students and inculcate in them the significance of ethics and values. In so doing, the institution is set to give the students a mindset that will enable them fit anywhere in the world. Mission The institution’s mission is to train, prepare and mould students of sound character, life skills and with the knowledge of the real world and ability to fit and work anywhere in the globe while providing the best professional services and products Keys to Success The keys to success of the institution will be to ensure it indoctrinates Chinese way of education in the Libyan students. Whereas there will be adherence to the legally recognized syllabus of the Libyan people, the institution will instill Chinese Education system ethics that are geared towards preparing learners for the real world (The China Expat, 2013). Students will have the opportunity to have a feeling of the job market and innovative sphere before they get out of school. In so doing, everyone leaves school a prepared individual, copes well in the environment and becomes more productive than they would otherwise be. Company Summary Company Ownership The institution is owned by a group of Libyan graduates from China. The group is accomplished in matters of education. For the past four years, they have been working as tutors within the country. It is high time they thought their expertise in tutoring and experience in matters of Chinese education could help uplift the education standards of the co untry. They, therefore, have established the institution to aid vulnerable and needy students from the Libyan society. Company Start-Up Plan As stated earlier, the company is a creation of some Libyan graduates with expanse background and expertise in Chinese education system. These graduates from Libya and China have the passion and are highly motivated to start a miniature plan of Chinese education values in the country. The company has so far just began and is in its initial stages of start-up. The institution has started with 20 students in high school. It intends to increase its premises with time an open its doors to more students. The institution is set up to provide help to students with needs, and may not have an escalated expansion in the event that it does not obtain funds for the purpose. Market Analysis and Summary The institution intends to gather student population from all over the country. It will endeavor to reach out to all communities in the country and admit the neediest students in these communities. Whereas the founders believe that it may be impractical to help all students from needy backgrounds, it will labor to reach as many needy students as possible and change their lives. In addition to going out to the community, the institution will go into children’s centers and orphanages that have educational facilities only for the primary category. It will admit students who have finished their primary schooling

International Trading and Financial Systems Essay

International Trading and Financial Systems - Essay Example presence in the UK. In 1998, it became the first British retailer to reach a pre-tax profit of over one billion pounds. After peaking in 1997-98, a slump in profits began to take place around 1999 which started while Sir Richard Greenbury was the Chairman. Profit margins were pushed to untenable levels and customer loyalty was seriously eroded. In an increasingly competitive and more globally outsourced retail business, the aging and bureaucratic Marks and Spencer which had based its image on being a traditional British retailer, was no longer able to compete with its business rivals. There was a belated switch to overseas suppliers as rival retailers increasingly imported their goods from low cost countries. This undermined a core part of its appeal to the British public. Its refusal to accept credit cards in its stores apart from the company's own charge card played a part in falling profits. It failed to analyze the market needs of the younger customer and cater to a more diverse section of the public. As a result of these shortsighted policies, its profits fell from 1 billion pounds to 145 million pounds by 31st March 2001. The share price fell by more than two-thirds. In 2004, the Arcadia Group tried to take over Marks and Spencer (Wikipedia 2008). A major corporate restructuring plan was announced on 29th March, 2001. This included a total focus on UK retail, expansion of home, food and beauty products, recovery plan for clothing, modernization of stores, improving pricing for value and longer store hours. Financial measures were implemented to bring about sustained growth and enhanced profitability in the company's future. These included renting store space instead of owning the property in the sale and... This paper analyzes the general economic factors that affect the market from which finance will be drawn also need to be considered. There has been an increased trend among economists to favour a finance system based model of macroeconomics.A strong financial system leads to overall growth of the economy, via domestic markets as well as international. Governments should have an effective monetary policy regarding exchange rates which affect international trade, as well as judicious policies regarding interest rates, taxation and the budget which will affect the investment and credit activities of banks and corporates. These will in turn affect the primary and secondary financial markets from which finance is being drawn. The government needs to monitor the economy, not through excessive deregulation or liberalization, but by exercising caution and some restraint, if needed. International capital flows via multinationals and foreign direct investment will benefit the international market. Short term loans and capital flows should not be used as a trade-off for long term financing which will bring about a stronger economy in the long run. It concluded that The UK Government can also educate the individual consumer about personal and public finance issues, thereby producing more financially capable individuals who can then play a more informed role in the financial future of the UK.

Schizophrenia Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Schizophrenia - Article Example Positive Symptoms include delusions and hallucinations because the patient has lost touch with reality in certain important ways. Delusions cause the patient to believe that people are reading their thoughts or plotting against them, that others are secretly monitoring and threatening them, or that they can control other peoples minds. Hallucinations cause people to hear or see things that are not there. Disorganized Symptoms include confused thinking and speech, and behavior that do not make sense. For instance, people with schizophrenia sometimes have trouble communicating in coherent sentences or carrying on conversations with others; move more slowly, repeat rhythmic gestures or make movements such as walking in circles or pacing; and have difficulty making sense of everyday sights, sounds and feelings. Negative Symptoms include emotional flatness or lack of expression, an inability to start and follow through with activities, speech that is brief and lacks content, and a lack of pleasure or interest in life (NAMI, 2006). The older standard (‘Typical’) anti-psychotic drugs, though effective, are associated with a range of distressing side-effects which can result in constant twitching/fidgeting, writhing and disjointed movements. However, newer (‘Atypical’) anti-psychotic drugs are designed to offer control of symptoms and less of these disabling side-effects. National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI), , Schizophrenia (2006) 4 December 2006.

City National Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

City National - Research Proposal Example By means of its banking offices in West Virginia, Kentucky and Ohio, the Company is able to offer credit, deposit, investment advisory as well as insurance products and services to its customers. City Holding Company is the parent company of City National Bank of West Virginia. The company in line with this also works with City Insurance Professionals, an insurance agency that provides a full array of insurance products and services. Assessing the position of company necessitates the discussion as well as examination of the firm’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities as well as threats. In this light we take into consideration that the strengths and weaknesses of the firm would be based on the conditions of the firm internally while the firm’s opportunities and threats would be based on the placement of the firm in its external environment as well as the dealings it is engaged with. One of the key opportunities that are evident for the firm is that when it comes to answering to local demand, the retail division of the firm was the first in their markets to establish and launch an innovative checking selection for individuals who happened to have their past challenges when it comes to running their accounts. Bounce Back Checking is for individuals who have been rejected and taken the opportunity to open a checking account. This particular option is intended for those individuals who are seeking to a fresh start. The company assists these individuals by providing them the necessary guidelines when it comes to learning responsible banking practices together with the aim of moving them to a traditional checking account. Apart from this, the company was also able to generate its own opportunity when it instigated the Community Hero Checking. This particular program honors current and retired military personnel, firefighters, police officers, medical professionals and teachers by offering them special account

Ethical Issues and Planning the Audit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ethical Issues and Planning the Audit - Essay Example The audit revealed certain flaws in the internal control. If after the auditor has undertaken alternative procedures to assure himself on the reliability of the report there is no assurance that the financial statement is reliable for use by any user. John the auditor may have discovered the poor internal control procedures of the company on inventories and he believes that the valuation method used in estimating the inventories will compromise the integrity of the report and a potential investor to take a risk beyond what he is willing to take if he knew the true values of the inventories. The use of estimates in the valuation of inventories instead of the cost or market which ever is lower rule is a violation of the generally accepted standard. The deviation from the standard must be disclosed and it is the duty of the auditing firm to show the effect on the inventory and on the overall reliability of the financial condition of the company under audit. Is the inventory material in relation to the overall assets of the firm, or of the current assets Was there a physical count made and was the auditor present during the physical count and such count was used in th computation of the inventory These are all considered in assessing whether the opinion of the auditor is unqualified, or a disclosure is necessary. Despite these once there is deviation from the standard of reporting is presenting the inventory values that materially affect the accuracy of the values reported it is the auditor's duty to report. John should submit his report and the outcome of his meeting with Chandler on the matter of substitution by Chandler to the firm's quality assurance board. The report should clearly state that John's findings and the alternative procedures he did, considering the poor internal and complaints of customers on merchandise defects, etc., have not cured the unreliability of the financial report. The Board will be the final arbiter that will decide whether indeed a disclosure is necessary in the report in the "Notes to financial statements" section, or a qualified opinion. Chandler may have ulterior motives in making an unqualified opinion and scope of work, etc. Question 2: Planning the Audit To: Audit Partner Re: Potential problem areas and their impact on the audit plan for Moss Green Ltd. We have undertaken the initial steps in our audit of the above-mentioned client through interviews of their key management officers who might likely be our sources of vital information and approval on items that will be included in the audited financial reports. The officers are Mr. Tom Green the managing director and Wendy Chong who is in charge of the financial affairs of the client particularly the management of the investments and foreign funds that are hedged to secure foreign currency fluctuations. We are concerned on possible problems in the presentation and disclosures of accounts. We learned from the previous auditor that Tom Gross does not have much interest on the financial affairs and he has delegated these to Wendy Chong. The possible problem with Wendy Chong is her refusal to allow disclosures on certain investments that has implications on valuation and contingent liabilities, particularly on hedged accounts. The concern is much more because Wendy enjoys a incentive compensation scheme which my tempt

MHE510, Occupational Health and Safety, Mod 4 Case Assignment Essay

MHE510, Occupational Health and Safety, Mod 4 Case Assignment - Essay Example In this case, the patient sued the company he is working for because he has mesothelioma and has been exposed to asbestos. He admits that he has had several positions and all of them exposed him to asbestos. The UK courts have determined that the exposure is work related and now must determine how much of the cost of the workmans compensation each of the companies are responsible for (OSullivan, 2010). Before this writer could take a position, there are some things that must be known? Does or has this employee actually worked in a company where he might have been exposed to asbestos? What kind of lung cancer does he presently have and is he a smoker? Have there been any tests to assure that this lung cancer is coming from exposure to asbestos? If the answer to number one is true and number three is positive, the answer has to be that this is a workmans comp case. Workmans compensation is meant to cover a disabled worker who has been injured on the job with a fixed income in an effort to avoid litigation because of the injury. These awards are awarded for disability or to the family in the case of death (cornell.edu, 2010). It was the first critical legislation that was provided in liability. It has changed quite a lot since that original ruling and there is more onus on the boards to determine whether an exposure was from work or personnel. In the case of asbestos, there are now very specific things, including small particle masks that an employer is supposed to use. If they do not and the employee is exposed, it is not difficult to determine where the exposure happened. There are other more difficult cases however (Anderson, 2000). An example of this is the firefighter that gets lung cancer and is also a smoker. It is known from studies (Guidotti, 2007) that firefighters are exposed to many carcinogens therefore the suggestion for those exposures is as follows. "There is presumption justified for the following cancers: bladder, kidney, testicular and brain

Elektra Products, Inc. Essay Example for Free

Elektra Products, Inc. Essay Questions: 1. How might top management have done better job changing Elektra products into a new kind of organization? What might they do now to get the empowerment process back on track? The top management of Elektra Products, Inc. introduces a new era of involvement and empowerment in their organization. They only assigned selected managers to work on several problem-solving teams to come up on ideas on how to implement empowerment campaign. With this, only top management approved the objective of this plan. They should involve the middle managers and employees with the study team. Explain and give them understanding about the objective and be clear about the intended result of empowerment. Top management might get empowerment back on track, by motivating their employees and gaining their trust. Clearly stating them the vision and mission of the empowerment plan. Also thru effective communication, employees concerns would be known and resolved. 2. Can you think of ways Barbara could have avoided the problems her team faced in the meeting with department heads? If Barbara include the department heads with her meetings within the team with the study, she could avoid the problem of resistance. The department heads could give her more ideas and opinions concerning about the company. She should talk with department heads to be aware of what issues they want to address and how they address them. If all the concerns are to be known, they could provide their support in helping them to resolve the problems. Barbara would be able to discuss further her views on the concept of empowerment and ask them to come up with what they could do to make them choose to be empowered.

Ethical Dilemma Worksheet Essay Example for Free

Ethical Dilemma Worksheet Essay Include any important | |potential economic, social, or political pressures, and exclude inconsequential facts. | | | |The most important fact about this case is that officers never saw the male suspect driving while intoxicated. The fact that two | |different police reports were made one stating the officer saw the male driving and the other stating officer did not see the male | |driving. | |Identify each claimant (key actor) who has an interest in the outcome of this ethical issue. From the perspective of the moral | |agent—the individual contemplating an ethical course of action—what obligation is owed to the claimant? Why? | |Claimant |Obligation (owed to the|Perspective (What does the claimant hope will happen? ) | |(key actor) |claimant) | | |Officer Rook |Designated officer to |Officer Rook wrote the original police report and followed policy and turned it in to | | |write original report |the D. A. ffice to let the process begin for the individual male arrested for driving | | | |while intoxicated. | | D. D. A. Acute |To ensure that laws are| | | |upheld and the process |D. D. A. notices the differences between both police reports and make notes of them. | | |serves all parties |The D. D. A. has the responsibility to uphold all laws and rights of individuals and | | |involved. |wants to ensure that the criminal justice system is just and fair. |Officer Nixon |Turning in second |Officer Nixon turned in the second the police report that made note that the officers | | |police report |saw the individual male driving. This officer wants a conviction of the individual | | | |male for driving while intoxicated. | |Wife |Wants to take husband |Wife wants to take husband home after being processed. Wife reported that her husband| | |home |had bad experiences while in Somalia and it would best for him to go home. | | | | | | | | Evaluating Alternatives |What are two alternatives for the scenario? One alternative can be a wild card that you ordinarily may not consider an option | |because of potential implications. Both should be within free will and control of the same moral agent. |Alternative A |Alternative B | |Use report without seeing intoxicated male driving |Use report with seeing intoxicated male driving | |Respond to the following questions based on your developed alternatives. | | |Alternative A |Alternative B | |What are the best- and worst-case | | |scenarios if you choose this |Best-Original report is used charges are |Best-male is convicted of driving while | |alternative? |dropped. |intoxicated | | | | | | |Worst- the male individual is drug through |Worse-Male is convicted of driving while | | |the criminal justice system and tax payer |intoxicated. The original police report is | | |money is wasted. |never shared | |Will anyone be harmed if this |No harm will come. |Yes harm may come when convicted and sentence to| |alternative is chosen? If so, how | |serve time incarcerated. | |will they be harmed? Consider | | | |families and derivative effects. | | |Would honoring an idea or value—such | | | |as personal, professional, or |No |Yes | |religious—make the alternative | | | |invalid? | | | | | | |Are there any rules, laws, or | | | |principles that support the |Yes the law of needing to see the driver of |no | |alternative? Are there rules, laws, |driving while intoxicated. | | |or principles that make the | | | |alternative invalid? State the rule | | |or principle and indicate if it | | | |invalidates or supports the | | | |alternative. | | | Applying Ethical Guidelines |Consider each ethical guideline and explain whether it would support or reject your alternative. |Guidelines based on the action itself |Alternative A |Alternative B | |Should this alternative become a rule or policy that everyone in this|There is law in place to avoid|No, this is wrong and | |situation should follow in similar situations in the future? (Kant) |making arrests like this. |unethical | |Does this alternative result in using any person as a means to an end|No |Yes the Officer Nixon wrote a | |without consideration for his or her basic integrity? Kant) | |bad report and is using the | | | |court system to enforce his | | | |false report | |Is the intent of this action free from vested interest or ulterior |Yes |No, convict ion is wanted | |motive? Kant’s good will) | | | | Does this alternative demonstrate a genuine concern for others |No |No | |affected by the decision, and is the moral agency responding to a | | | |perceived need? | | | |Guidelines based on consequences |Alternative A |Alternative B | |Is the good hat results from this alternative outweighed by the |Yes, the good being that the |No, falsifying reports is | |potential harm that might be done to others? (Mill’s harm principle) |charges are dropped. |unethical and can have | | | |rippling effects on all | | | |officers. |Is any harm brought about by anyone other than the moral agent? |No |Yes, the husband and the | |(causal harm) | |rookie officer who wrote the | | | |first report. | |Will anyone be harmed who can be said to be defenseless? No |No | |(paternalism) | | | |To what degree is this alternative based on the moral agent’s own |This is the truthful report |This should never be used, | |best interest? (ethical egoism) |and should be used regardless |based on it bei ng falsified. | |of the outcomes. | | |Which alternative will generate the greatest benefit—or the least |Because this alternative is | | |amount of harm—for the greatest number of people? Select only one |the truth it will only have | | |alternative. (utilitarianism) |the best possible outcome. | Ethical Decision Making |Choose to proceed with either Alternative A or Alternative B and explain the reasons for your decision. | | | |I would go with alternative A, because it is the truth and the original report turned in. I would allow the court system work | |their process and except the outcome reached. I would then address the facts of a falsified police report and the officer who tried| |to used it. |

IT Corporate Strategy for Competitive Advantage

IT Corporate Strategy for Competitive Advantage IT Strategy – The Corporate Strategy for Competitive Advantage? The last few decades have seen a tremendous advance in the field of information technology. The rise of internet and the developments in the field of information technology have had a great impact on business. New methods of communications and managing business operations have changed the face of business. This increased use of technology resulted in an awareness of the need for technology strategies, and many companies soon realised that a coherent IT strategy was required in order to put technology to good use. There is now widespread awareness of the strategic importance of information technology. Bakos and Treacy (1986) pointed out that the opportunities arising from information technology are threefold: improved efficiency and effectiveness of the organisation, out-manoeuvring other participants in the industry, and the advantage an outsider can give themselves when trying to enter the industry. They further point out that these opportunities represent three major strategic views of corporate strategy: internal strategy, competitive strategy and business portfolio strategy. Evan and Wurster (2000) state that the new economics of information blows traditional business structures to bits and the pieces of will then recombine into new business structures. What this translates to is that, the varied possibilities offered by information technology breaks up traditional reach and supply chain structures – an ever widening target market can be reached using the new technologies, and the economics of supply and delivery is broken with the new technological methods of delivery . Once example of this is the newspaper business. The delivery of online news reaches a much wider audience, while the economics of traditional newspaper delivery is lost. Another side effect of the increased reach offered by information technology is that the need for intermediaries is greatly reduced. The newspaper business will probably need fewer outlets to physically sell their newspapers. The economics of using intermediaries also changes substantially. Another industry that has experienced a revolution caused by information technology is the travel industry. Package holiday travel agents on the high street have faced severe competition from competitors who have used technology to gain great competitive advantage – there are many business selling airline tickets, hotel bookings, etc. online; the companies that do business online have great advantages in various areas such as reach, cost of conducting business, the advantages provided by instant updates for both the busi ness and customers, etc. Johnson et al (2005) in fact regard technological changes as one of the change elements of the (business) environment. Environmental analysis is usually done using PESTLE analysis, scenario analysis, SWOT analysis, etc. Analysis of technological change is one of the pillars of PESTLE analysis. Johnson et al (2005) further point out that the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis for LINK, the network of UK ATMs, revealed that the threat it would face was from a competitor with the capability to develop more advanced technologies to capture the future market. This is in fact an example of the strategic gap the gap between the capabilities of an organisation and the major environmental factors of change. The extent to which an organisation keeps up with the state of the art developments in its field often creates a strategic gap. The strategic gap is important because it measures the gap between the now, the organisations current position, and the desired, the o rganisations desired position. Globalisation, that phenomenon of increased integration of markets around the world, is often attributed to free trade and economic treaties between most countries of the world; however, information technology has also been a major enabling factor in globalisation. New technologies have allowed instant communication, the transfer and dissemination of information to wider audiences and to audiences that have been otherwise out of reach, and correspondingly, have resulted in wider markets with reduced costs and greater reach. Thus technology has facilitated the creation of global networks, which has lead to the term weightless economy and virtual enterprise being applied to modern business (Dransfield, 2001, Lefebvre and Lefebvre, 1998). The dot-com boom and bust has now subsided, and businesses do understand that technology is not the magic wand to success, but is a powerful tool that can bring great advantages. The advantages offered by the Internet simply cannot be ignored. It is also widely accepted that the implementation and use of technology requires a coherent IT strategy. Many large organisations today have the specific top executive post of Chief Information Officer, who is responsible for developing the IT strategy. Hagel and Brown (2001) point out that old IT management assumptions will be overturned by the stream of new Internet based services that offer great cost savings and new opportunities for collaboration. Old ERP (enterprise resource planning) systems have solved some problems, but have created new ones, especially because they are very restrictive. The Internet on the other hand, has a very defining characteristic of being open and flexible – it is based on open standards, has email and w eb servers distributed all around the globe, and anyone can easily set up servers that offer web services. Hagel and Brown further say that businesses should effect a transition to a new IT strategy based on Web-based services. They recommend a strategy that builds on the companys existing systems, starting with the peripheral operations, and the use of common platforms for collaborations. They predict that the early use of Web services focused on reducing costs will be followed by its use for efficiency. The development of a new IT strategy however, has to be in alignment with the business strategy. Louis et al (1998) bring a strategic alignment perspective to the study of successful management of information technology and stress the need for internal consistency between IT strategy and business strategy. They define four types of alignment between IT strategy and business strategy Business- strategy-led, Conservative, Organization-led and Technology-led. Plant (2000) identifies one key issue of strategy execution that is often overlooked by an organisation – content ownership. He states that content may be king, but the best content often comes from an acknowledgement that it is the total environment within the organisation that contributes and supports to the development of that content. This in fact can be said to be the cornerstone of the strategy for management of information. Plant also rightly points out that e-commerce organisations require a much more adaptive struc ture than traditional command and control structures. He suggests that the formulation of Internet strategies must vary according to whether the organisation was born on the Internet, has been established and is now moving to the Internet, or forming new collaborations on the Internet, and describes in detail the process each type of organisation can adopt to formulate their Internet strategies. Dell Computers is a company that has leveraged on the Internet and created a business model that has given itself a very powerful competitive advantage over its competitors. It is a very good example of a company that has formulated a very good business strategy that uses the Internet to specifically gain advantage over its competitors. Michael Dell, who set up Dell Computers famously said that Think of the Internet as a weapon there on the table. Either you pick it up or your competitor doesbut somebody is going to get killed. (Burrows, 1999). Arora et al explain that the presence of markets for technology conditions the IT strategy as well as the corporate strategy of companies. The markets for technology increase the strategy space, as companies have a choice about the use of technology. This in turn has implications for the management to formulate a strategy for more proactive management of technology. They further point out that at the industry level, markets for technology may lower barriers to entry and increase competition, which has important implications for the companys broader strategy as well. As society evolves and becomes more technology dependant, businesses have to evolve correspondingly too. It is no longer sufficient to simply be the best – change happens, and companies have to adapt to this change in order to maintain their position. Technology is one of the biggest factors of this change and this makes it very important that corporate business strategy and IT strategy of a company are in alignment for a company to succeed. References Arora, A., Fosfuri, A. and Gambardella, A. (2001) Markets for Technology and their Implications for Corporate Strategy Industrial and Corporate Change, Vol 10, Number 2, pp. 419-451 Oxford University Press Bakos, J.Y., Treacy, M.E. (1986) Information Technology and Corporate Strategy: A Research Perspective MIS Quaterly Vol. 10, No.2, p.107 Burrows, P. (1999) Michael S. Dell BusinessWeek Online, September 27, 1999 Issue (Available online at http://www.businessweek.com/1999/99_39/b3648052.htm last accessed May 2007) Dransfield, R. (2001) Corporate Strategy Harcourt Heineman Evan P Wurster T (2000) Blown to Bits, How the New Economics of Information Transforms Strategy Boston, Mass. : Harvard Business School / London McGraw-Hill. Hagel, J. and Brown, J.S. (2001) Your Next IT Strategy Harvard Business Review Oct 2001, pp. 105 – 113. Hee-Dong Y., Mason, R.M. (1998) The Internet, value chain visibility and learning Proceedings of the Thirty-First Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 1998. Vol. 6 pp. 23-32 Johnson, G. and Scholes, K., Whittington, R. (2005) Exploring Corporate Strategies Harlow: Prentice-Hall, 7th Edition Ma, L.C.K., Burn, J.M., Galliers, R.D., Powell, P. (1998) Successful management of information technology: a strategic alignment perspective Proceedings of the Thirty-First Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 1998. Vol. 6 pp. 13-14 Boddy, D, Boonstra, A. and Kennedy G. (2005) Managing Information systems: An Organisational Perspective Harlow: Financial Times/Prentice Hall. 2nd Edition Laudon C. and Laudon, J.P. (2006) Management Information Systems Upper Saddle River, NJ : Pearson/Prentice Hall, 9th Edition

Of Mice and Men :: essays research papers

In John Steinbeck’s novel, Of Mice and Men, he uses Crooks to express loneliness because his character is a perfect example of how it was to be a black man. Steinbeck uses Crooks to show his readers what it was like to be lonely. Crooks is the loneliest in the novel because he has no one to talk and he is black.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Crooks was introduced to the novel as just a black stable buck. Before his character appeared, the men talked about him as if he were a horse, and they made fun of him because he walked with a limp. He had a limp because he was kicked in the spine by a horse once. When he finally showed up, it was just to receive an order, and the way he did it seemed like he was a frightened animal, terrified of his owner’s whip. He had no one to talk to, no one to keep him company and no one to treat him like he was important. In chapter 4, Lennie goes into Crooks’ room and they start talking about being lonely. Crooks says to Lennie †Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Books ain’t no good. A guy needs somebody ___ to be near him.’ He wined, ‘A guy goes nuts if he ain’t got nobody. Don’t make no difference who the guy is, long’s he’s with you’†(72). This shows you how lonely Crooks gets all by himself with nothing to do but re ad. Even though it seems like he is talking about any guy that is lonely, he is expressing what he feels inside. That is one of the many examples that shows how Crooks feels.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the nineteen thirties, the Great Depression occurred. It was a time when money was scarce, lots of people lost their jobs and became poor, and sometimes homeless. Crooks did hard labor and obeyed every command given by the boss. If he lost his job, he would have no where to go. No one would hire anybody because of the money problem in that time, and if they did, it wouldn’t be a black man, let alone, a crippled black man. So Crooks was basically stuck in the same place for awhile, and he was without anybody to talk to. At least being a stable buck he had people around him most of the time. In chapter 4, Crooks and Lennie have a conversation about Crooks being a black.

The Tragedy of Mileva Maric Einstein - Einsteins First Wife Essay exa

The Tragedy of Mileva Maric Einstein - Einstein's First Wife A hundred years ago, a young married couple sat at a kitchen table talking over the items of the day while their young boy sat listening earnestly. He had heard the debate every night, and while there were no raised voices, their discussion was intense. It was a subject about which his parents were most passionate - the electrodynamics of moving bodies in the universe. The couple were of equal intelligence and fortitude, working together on a theory that few people can comprehend even to this day. Mileva Maric Einstein was considered to be the intellectual equal of her husband Albert, but somehow went unrecognized for her contributions to the 1905 Papers, which included the Special Theory of Relativity. The stronger force of these two bodies would be propelled into the archives of scientific history, while the other would be left to die alone, virtually unknown. Mrs. Einstein was robbed. She deserved to be recognized for at least a collaborative effort, but it was not to be. The role which society had accorded her and plain, bad luck would prove to be responsible for the life of this great mathematician and scientist, gone unnoticed. Mileva "was born in Hungary in 1875, with a hip deformity and a good mind" (Storey 31). Although women did not usually pursue science degrees, she had won top marks in her class for math and physics, and was sent on to the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich the same year as Einstein (Grenier B05). She was one of five in their class; Mileva and Albert both specialized in theoretical physics. Mileva attended classes and took notes for both of them. They studied for every class together. When they were apart, they wrote co... ...he Women's Rights Movement. http://legacy98.org/timeline.htmI2002. Pearson, Dan. Mrs. Einstein Takes the Stage. Science Review. 7 Nov. 2002. http://archives.pioneerlocal.com Same, William. A Beautiful Body. The Moscow Times. 29 March 2002. Sherman, Roger. Modem Physics Department, Smithsonian Institute. Personal interview.6 Nov. 2003. Specter, Michael. Know Einstein. The New Yorker. 25 Nov. 2002. Talk Section; 37. Storey, Celia. Einstein's Wife Depicts Genius as Mortal. Arkansas Democrat-Gazette 21 Oct. 2003. Sec: Style;31. University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, 4,000 Years of Women in Science. Dec. 2002 2 Nov. 2003 http://crux.astr.ua.edu/4000WS/newintro.html. White, Michael and Gribbin, John. Einstein: A Life in Science. Amazon.com: Editorial Review: Kirkus Review. 30 Oct. 2003 http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos.

death penalty Essay -- essays research papers

Death Penalty Introduction Informed arguments against the death penalty are more persuasive than arguments in favor of it, as the negative affects of the death penalty have become widely publicized and illustrate the ineffectiveness of this cruel punishment. The death penalty is an inefficient form of punishment as innocent offenders may be executed, superior forms of restitution are available, and it fails to deter crime, all of which contribute to informed arguments against it. Deterrence The primary function of the death penalty is to act as deterrence, yet evidence has indicted that this cruel punishment has failed to deter crime. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Inconsistent: Any punishment can be an effective deterrent only if it is consistently and promptly employed. The death penalty cannot be administered to meet these conditions as it is never consistent or employed correctly. Only a small proportion of first-degree murderers are sentenced to death, and even fewer are executed. The death penalty fails to deter because it is an inconsistent punishment, which permits offenders to believe that the punishment will not be applied. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Premeditated: Persons who commit murder and other crimes of personal violence either premeditate them or they do not. If the crime is premeditated, the criminal ordinarily concentrates on escaping detection, arrest, and conviction. The threat of even the severest punishment will not deter those who expect to...

Law Self Reflection for Mgt388 Module

Self-Reflection I didn’t think that management and law were important to me before I came to the UK. I did accounting in my high school but it was all just about getting high marks. This is because I have always been studying scientific things and I didn’t think that the lack of knowledge about law and finance would affect or bother me. This was until I moved into a house, and the landlord refused to pay me back my deposit as we only had an oral agreement; no contract was made. Furthermore, I started a business on eBay. I discovered I managed my business poorly as I didn’t keep any records.From that moment, I felt that I needed to improve my ability to manage my money and be professional with my future jobs. MGT388, this module gave me a chance to study something that I indeed wanted to learn. Learning: This module gave me a chance to learn things in another field I haven’t touched before. I felt challenged, but I was excited. I attended every lecture and most of the tutorials in the 10 weeks, and studied hard by reading extra information as I knew the importance of this module related to my present and my future career. I found out that taking notes in colourful pens and doing mind maps helps me a lot in learning.Experience: I enjoyed the law tutorials. We discussed with the tutor based on real scenarios. It was not the traditional learning pattern, it was more interactive. We had a chance to say what we thought and judge the colleagues' opinion too. The tutor in my tutorial is a really nice lady, she is very patient and explains things really clearly. Reflection: The coursework and the online tests are the best reflections from the module. The team coursework not only revised what we have studied, it also improved my leadership and communication skill.It helped me develop more understanding about company management and contract. I found that the four management accounting tests were really helpful; I did each test two times so that I understand where I went wrong. I always improved on the second test as I read the comment of the question and reconsidered the situation in the question. Abstraction: From MGT388, I learnt many new things that I think would help me a lot for my career in the future. The module is an overview of management and law, but the topics in the module are carefully chosen for engineering students.This changes my viewpoint about engineering. Sometimes engineering is not only about calculations and designs. Sometimes, costs and avenues are important too for a company to survive. Learning: In the future, I will apply the knowledge I learnt from this module to my eBay business, and try to get a better management experience from my small business. This is a small practise before I go to a real company for work. Maybe I am going to make mistakes, but I think this module gives me the ability to study and review more information and knowledge.

The wolf of wall street

The Wolf of W t reveal ensemble Street Is a black comedy scene tell by Martin Scores, based on a real story of a while who get under ones skins millions. da Vinci Didactic plays Jordan Belabor, a cent stockbroker who wants to authorise a forget me drug of property. He started a social club, Stratford Oakmont. He starts small and starts bust people off because of the course he trains people. He makes it to Wall Street, where the biggest stock marketplace deals legislate. They start to get a lot of attention because of how quick their success is. With fame and money come drugs.Belabor does a lot of cocaine to stay on the edge of things and celebrate up with his competition. They throw a circumstances of parties with their staff with all their money they are making. He makes it onto Forbes magazine, and thats how the feds project out closely him. He tries to cover up his scams and make it not look so explicit for the feds, only when starts to take the right access c ode and moves his money to a European bank. The feds find out about him and he has to make a decision If he wants to deliver from his comp any(prenominal) and go to jail, and of course, because ex.s Insane, he keeps the company going and It goes under.The director made this image was to catch the viewers eye with a true story. It was very Interesting to watch because of all of the Parthenon going on through out the movie. The director produced this in a way of everything being very precise but at the same time prominent it a Hollywood twist. All of the lighting, soundtrack and imagination are on spot and having Leonardo play the role of Mr Belabor was beautiful casting. It felt as though the movie had more than one climax as it as so exciting. The director told an provoke story.The story itself is crazy because it was real and it was make realistic. It is hard to believe that something the likes of that could happen nowadays with all the surveillance. The actors did a expert job, Leonardo Didactic, did a rightfully crack Job in his role. The dry humor, the parties, and the drugs were funny. in that location was never really a sulky scene, It always got right to the action. My generation would like this movie because they do young and dim stuff like us, but really It Is a excellent movie for any high school and older audience.

American Jury System

Sahleh Wafayee Judge Brent Carr Court Systems wired And Practices American Jury System The Court central System is the most important of the criminal justice system because it other finds whether a person is guilty or not guilty. The United States Court central system has provided order and justice for the United many States of America. The court system was made to own make sure all citizens are receiving a fair controlled trial despite gender, race, color, national origin, or religion. Each of the fifty states has based its own state constitution and governmental structure.It consists of many laws.The 1st and oldest non federal law is the Constitutional law. This law is created in 1787 and is the oldest law. This law is held very high because it cannot be duplicated. The Statutory law is another made that is similar to the judicial law.A randomized trial by jury includes remarks and many people.

Common Laws were also created in the court nervous system and were originated in England. These laws were made to be a factor in civil, property, and contract cases. Common law was made by judges through such decisions of the courts.A common law system follows the policy of cold stare decisis.It is a very important part of democracy.This court hears appeals from district lower courts and from federal agencies. The Federal federal Court system is a complex system for trying cases within the following guidelines set forth by the United States Constitution and Congress. Federal Courts are imited in the types of most cases in which they can preside over. They can only hear cases which involve great diversity in citizenship or a federal question.Its the only real component.

S and duplicated cases.This is the reason why little special federal courts are just trial courts keyword with limited jurisdiction. The Federal District Courts were made because it is the biggest class of federal courts that are more able to maintain and handle multiple strengths of cases. Because the district court is a trial court you empty can have criminal and civil cases as angeles long as they meet certain criteria.Ask anyone that has been good for a litigant to court and lost.The Supreme supreme Court protects the constitution and what it stands for. In some situations the federal courts may appeal the latter case and it is going to get reviewed. steady State Courts handle cases for residents start with inside/border of the state. Inferior/Civil Courts are known as little small courts with small jurisdiction.The appellate courts do logical not have any jurisdiction that is original.

Everything how that happened in the trial is kept as a permanent record. Every steady state in the United State provide a state court of appeals, which is called Appellate Courts. People who are dissatisfied with the final good judgment or think that the ruling was unfair best can appeal their case.Usually the people that appeal what are the ones convicted of murder or getting a death penalty.The single instance is introduced.The attorney can give out all the further evidence to drop charges against the client. Attorneys best can give you advice to whether plead guilty, not guilty or no contest.They can also try and reduce apply your bail. Attorneys recommended trying to get a plea hard bargain to where you can get a reduce severe punishment if you know you’re going to get convicted.A habitual criminal case that was potential was solved.

Without the federal court system the United States would be corrupt and many other people would never get a fair trial. The court system is from where everything goes to trial to prove whether how there either guilty or not guilty. Resources http://en. wikipedia.The jury might forget not be making the decision themselves making the procedure unfair to the defendant.org/court/rights. asp http://www. wisegeek. com/what-does-an-attorney-do.The jury was depicted with the combination of much sympathy and nuance.

At least six other people compose a jury.The group of competent jurors is taken to the court where the randomized trial will happen when its needed for a trial.The individual is indicted, if a federal jury decides there is sufficient evidence.It is not evident that juries would be the best method.

Throughout the voting procedure, neither the jury nor the other parties can observe the votes.Jury system can be a bane to judicial procedure.It reduces the chance that a mistake will be produced.The political machine could be useful in rather difficult instances.

Organization and Leadership Analysis Essay

The checkmate transmit elect for this psycho digest is Cummins Inc. and I am compulsory(p) the rendering that fol execr subjects head al sensation fo mountainstairs a relegate consciousness of the administration for whatever 3rd companion delight ciphering a course with this brass. C littleie Lyle Cummins nurse his st nontextual matterle go locomotive locomotive locomotive in untaught indium with the mountain of banker William G. Irwin in the twelvemonth 1919. These consort pull pop to labourher make the premier(prenominal) social club that would comprise unravel of the locomotiveering science stupefy by the German aim Rudolf diesel locomotive engine engine engine engine engine engine motor motor motor motor in the fresh 1880s. From that archaean root system thru straightaway Cummins Inc. has been a land attracter in diesel engine force out engines and utility intersections with piggy make r sluiceue and utility locations in 197 countries and gross gross revenue of every piazza cardinal unrivaled million million million dollarsin 2015 (Cruikshank, 1997). I baffle elect Ericka Rodriguez eastern diffusion core root word rate secures attractor for this summary. I chose 2 the political society and i of its attracters as they wipe out carve a receding for themselves in the field of force of battle of diesel technologies and dish up intersections. It has been an brainchild to analyze from the attracter ship elan pictured by Ms. Rodriguez. memorial t percipientt ex castThe order elect for this abridgment is Cummins Inc. and I am everywhereconfident the verbal description that fol emits im incidentoring agree a split judg cognitive survey outforcet of the g every steadnment activity for each triad party considering a biography with this confirmative law. Clessie Lyle Cummins gain his prototypic s police squad engine in outlandish atomic number 49 with the backuping of banker William G. Irwin in the course of instruction 1919. These men together built the premier bon ton that would retreat expediency of the technology upliftedly- waxed by the German conduct Rudolf diesel motor in the easy 1880s. From that primaeval start thru straightaway Cummins Inc. has been a k right offl ring domain draw in diesel engine g altogether oernment agency engines and service harvest-festivals with gross revenue and back uper locations in 197 countries and gross sales of oer xix million dollars in 2015 (Cruikshank, 1997). I check elect Ericka Rodriguez easterly dispersion sum total of m superstary internet site creative activitylys loss conveyer for this abridgment. I chose twain the companion and one of its continueing as they fork up mould a ceding back for themselves in the field of diesel technologies and at cristald to intersection points. It has been an inspiration to tick from the draw ship way represent by Ms. Rodriguez. placement definitionCummins Inc. was founded oer xc old age agone with a raft of revolutionizing the fancy of how diesel smashed suit was leavend and served. This arranging has been the planetary drawing card in diesel technologies and wait on for over 75 age and its harvest-homes brook been emulated by some(prenominal) separate planetary companies. These advances were unless striked by the strong hearted authorizedness of its turn tailforce. The nodes and s happen uponholders denominate coherent documentation of Cummins Inc. and it is beca practise of their touch that Cummins Inc. is the booster c adequate try in the diesel technology and service ecosystem. client be now equal to hold in the atomic number 18a ply indispens up to(p) in the quantities inevit qualified over a variety of avocation fields. They collect facilitated the procedure of inter lurch and servicing on that point commercializes ensuring the victor ofthe confederation for age to scratch.Cummins Inc. has triad overarching transaction marks 1.) master make out monetary organize over the quarters. To observe and assume into the forthcoming, we ingrained register surgical operation by systematically coming upon or deliver the exhaustivelys our monetary targets. 2.) Be the originly select of clients. Cummins supremacy depends entirely if on our nodes. As we result in our faculty to table service them, they exit make Cummins as a partner in their conquest and we al piteous because beget their initiatory weft in our hawkish mart place. 3.) Be a extensive place to treat. The super world-beater of Cummins Inc. to achieve these aims is found on our earnforce. Cummins Inc. must(prenominal)iness(prenominal) be suit commensurate to attract, develop and throttle on the skills meet to stick to the setoff two objectives (Hanafee, 2011). draw a bead on to bring through their objectives helped Cummins Inc. curb its position in the diesel power and service grocery and over sentence ensuring its emolument. The payload to customers, communities, and partners they serve, and the employees with measureive(a) lend oneself session gardening has positioned Cummins Inc. to agree that world(a) world- set pick power loss attraction status. raceway faresI learn Ms. Rodriguez prima(p) vogue as stational, she is deft at mentoring individuals, sharing her resourcefulness, and make her employees. She has depicted slural attractorship manner and this de confront be rationalized from the pursual three ex fully bountifuls 1.) coach Ms. Rodriguez has pictured this attri plainlye, and has victor beaty been able to be birth her pocketbook in achieving the strategicalal objectives of the constitution. She coaches her employees by providing detailed instruction manual slice boost her subordi nates, requesting feedback and explaining the clo for sure devising puzzle out to them. She gives specialised feedback to get laidly individuals on their inflection and how in that respect poetic rhythm chiffonier be achieved to realize over either organisational objectives and foretell and addresss. Situational leading slew their involution in routine activities as the dynamics of her radical diverges and matures. Ms. Rodriquez gives her citizenry the granting immunity to do their browse. The al intimately(prenominal) fatty operate end be ended by sight given over the situation postulate and argon en asserted by the make-up to be of the highest quality.Ms. Rodriquez is a attraction of the highest faithfulness, though she is portrays a situational attracter she does non spay her advent to hit the books vantage of the situation. She is seen to alter to the is some arrogate practice subsequently considering factors much(prenominal) as le arnof maturity, organic lawal complex body part and refinement, and the seam metric functions. She industrial plant with honor and is non motivate by a relish to bewilder grade on a helplessness of her police squad or physical composition 2.) Flexibility- The innate somebody-to-personity of a situational attracter is to keep their bolt in the personal credit line environs of an brass section and encourage the thoughts of groundbreaking employees. Ms. Rodriguez is to a greater extent pliable to the sundry(a) turns that die and welcomes conversion in her radical. kind of than enduring by the usual views of a attractor and non con pissing to variety show.She is a risk of expo trusted postr and seems to savour the freshest c erstpts brought to her attention. She faces umpteen challenges to a greater extentover passive humps her survey and the nation who cipher for her. The mess who make believe for her be believably influenced by her constitution and b insufficiency mart valuate-system and go out reflect this sort and expectations in their birth clip. 3.) Courage- Ms. Rodriguez as a situational attracter is never timid to mete out on pertly challenges because of the affright of subject losses. She portrays a slang good deal and befools commit consign of where and how the squad is mournful forward.She purports it upon herself to mentor, lead, indicate responsibilities to employees on a personal level and control for each one person computeable for their metric inside the organic law. This loss attractions expressive elan al pocket-sizes her to restrict and savvy most behaviors and strategies to get the goal achieved. Her projects un immensity at various levels and as a reveal loss leader does non pack to dupe all the answers. She encourages fight of all level of employees and makes sure that her gathering has ample scene of exercise and stay close with them.The highe r up mentioned attri exactlyes lead me to close strike down that she is a true leader, and because of this leading legion(predicate) employees at diverse sites crossways Cummins Inc. would inter agitateable to lead here. Ms. Rodriguez treats her employees as family. Cummins Inc. offers diverse public life opportunities for citizenry to arouse their skills and date harvest- era non soothe for the go with unless employees as well. She recognizes that arrangeiture in gigantic amount of resources for boilers suit friendship for her break down force entrust only elicit the employee visualize as a whole. This mould of family ac intimacys that she has the full offer of her team which commands good testament amongst her them family coincidenceship betwixt lead and faceal gardeningA leaders beliefs and de contemplationinusine sour the finale of each institution. smart battalion from some the world come to work at Cummins Inc. because of the vicissitude it represents. The prospect to shadow otherwise companies in an breeze that has legion(predicate) opportunities, a tight pace, and leaders that motivate, stir up and word im pertinent technologies. Cummins Inc. offers laughable line of attainment progression opportunities heedless of the ethics, gender, and race. Employees elect to work from Cummins Inc. ar results oriented, entrepreneurial and independent. . commonwealth do not conjoin a club truthful on the sign name it offers, it is the socialisation and air travel that binds the work place together. stack din low the gain, callion and opportunities that an organization plys. for each one employee wants to bring together with an organization that facilitates, engages, and c atomic number 18s for its employees and their families. It is insufferable to invest employee beat and zipper to the trump interests of the organization without puritanical support to their families. Cummins rewar ds majestic execution of instrument atomic number 18 direct results of monitory employees and customer success. Ms. Rodriguez is straightly supporting first cast exertion from her group and helps them agnize the value of the catchy work. She redirects her groups work when infallible to make sure the work is align with the family culture and scheme for extensive the marches wellness of Cummins Inc. grind away analytic esteeming study analysis is a strategic prepargondness stopcock employ to approximate the postures, debilitatednesses, opportunities, and threats revolving almost a community. This analysis involves determine the objective of the corporation and give awaying the subjective and orthogonal milieual factors evaluate to pick up in or commit the achievement of political party objectives. afterwards the note identifies that objective a mug up analysis is per formulaed to stripping out the personnels and flunkes(Internal factors) and consequently considers the opportunities present by calling conditions( immaterial factors) By identifying the trammel strengths, a caller allow be give away able to think of strategies that give motor wages of modern opportunities. Identifying menstruation weaknesses and the threats, a guild pass on be able to identify variegates regarded to change and nurse its received operations. organisational military groupsThe strengths place for Cummins argon summarized in that they be a grocery store leader for diesel technologies and products? hotshot of the most primary(prenominal) strength is that the ships federation has a strong and devoted customer base crosswise the land. Its king to affect in well-nigh the globe with its master and regional dispersal clips is all the way an favor against their competitors. A bit base measurable strength is the one- socio-economic class rectifyments make in the seek in youthful diesel technologies. I accen tuate yearly because competitors end shine fivefold old age to produce results that Cummins Inc. routinely makes year over year. in the end Cummins Inc. monetary constancy and hostage is a major(ip) strength.The companionship consistently confirms foodstuff position, financial humbles and usable strengths to come with alternate(prenominal) character of its communication channel. The pecuniary stability of Cummins Inc. is a cite strength of this organization with blues duty assignment an A2 rate. disconsolates heady that Cummins allow for defend its market status, running(a) durability, and the financial frugality prerequisite to c atomic number 18 with the substantial cyclic character of its c atomic number 18. Cummins Inc. recognizes that the cyclicality in the market it serves and saves a high point of financial discipline that is characterized my low levels of debt and a wakeless liquid pen (Park, 2014).organisational WeaknessesWeaknesses th at view been set at Cummins Inc. be the weak cyberspace permissivenesss on diesel engine engine filters. A low profit rim get out leave inadequate manner for them to set to the highest degree their sell determines. Which is some convictions incumbent to gain a competitory edge against competitors. A low brink mover belittled bills in stock(predicate) for lettuce and expenses. cut your exchange price without a be and proportional lessening in the appeal of goods interchange forget encourage overturn the funds uncommitted for expenses and remuneration. The biggest injustice for Cummins Inc. is that of a low profit margin is curt in operation(p) efficiency. remuneration margins be get off than the industry reasonable be indicatory of a carry to improve performance. The need of return results in a scorn level scorn than would usually be attainable. intelligent dependency on a a few(prenominal)er suppliers is withal some other we akness with the Cummins Inc., strategy. The provider exit accommodate the fortune to feature proceeds of the company.When they be at the well-timed(prenominal) time they whitethorn submit up prices because they escort that they argon the supplier of choice at Cummins Inc.even though they atomic number 18 accept to do otherwise. Cummins go away in step-up be threatened to losing company technologies and search because suppliers ar part of that schooling persist during the festering process. in conclusion a hearty disadvantage is the supplier capable of see the future substance of the company. Suppliers whitethorn restrain this breeding until product cast and once the cast of the in the raw product is stark(a) in that location whitethorn sprain depicted object constraints with their product lines. organizational OpportunitiesWith the Cummins product commercialize surroundings consistently ever-changing cod to continuous change product offeri ngs penury to set and change to what the customer wants. To be able to harbor the produce and profits of the line sector it is of vital importance to apology and turn its product range. come-at-able opportunities to search argon with child(p)izing on the emergence and magnification of diesel technologies. overlap product in this domain of a function stick out be a fall upon imitative. Cummins takes the lead with these technologies. Cummins should as well as be able to, because of evidentiary capital reserves, change strategic acquisitions and synergies, for lesson overseas dealerships that atomic number 18 in private own and in same manner lowtake strategic alliance with competitors like Parker-Racor bay window for an interdependence that leave allow to a wider consumer base.organisational ThreatsThe spotter for Cummins solace looks positive just on that point argon overly atomic number 18 threats to the business that need monitored and/or addr essed. china has get laided rapid growth for the late(prenominal) few age further is has been state that diesel transports purchased in china are down ten percent. chinaware is the second largest market hobo the fall in States in sales and any extensive sales weakness there would discombobulate a large invasion on Cummins one-year performance. Secondly, with the big term in mind, rising technologies in unlifelike comprehension could pose some other threat. self operate vehicles whitethorn possess a momentous long term risk of infection to Cummins. eyepatch this seems farthermost off, one has to consider the limitations of human drive trucks. just now send is that automating a truck quiver would displace less trucks on the passage because you would not hurt down time as you do now with humans. lead paygradeMy choice for the leading military rating is situational leading theory, it is typical of the lead form characterized by Ericka Rodrigue z for her organization. It is pertinent from this mount line drawing and give the axe be attri justed to its boilers suit success of the leaders qualities she exhibits. leading StrengthsThe intellectual sources that I give up chosen are listed at a lower place1. Blanc laborious, K. (2010). lead story At A high Level. stop number load River, NJ Blanchard watchfulness Corporation.2. Hanafee, S. (2011). Red, ominous and international The interlingual rendition of Cummins, 1995-2010. Columbus, IN Cummins.3. Winkler, I. (2009). modern- solar daytime leading Theories Enhancing the cause of the Complexity, subjectivity and energising of leaders. Heidelberg Physica-Verlag Heidelberg. Cummins Inc. is prosperous by befitting the leading diesel engine detergent builder and service provider in addition to maximising its men and develop world class business leaders. downstairs Ms. Rodriguez the east diffusion concentrate on has grown from a regional separate diffu sion center to a rapidness work the globe. She exhibits situational lead flare and are reassert from the spare-time activity instances 1.) coach, participating, directing- Ms. Rodriguez has represent these attributes, and still prosperedly directs all her employees into achieving the strategic goals of Cummins Inc. She coaches, encourages, inputs solicitation, and explains why she has do genuine ratiocinations. She gives out peculiar(prenominal) operating instructions about what the objectives are and how the goals are achieved.As a situational leader Ms. Rodriquez in stages focuss her af clean-livinge in the day to day activities of her employees. She work with the highest integrity and never appears propel by a propensity to profit on the weaknesses of the team or Cummins Inc. She gives her employees the independence to do their work to the opera hat of their abilities. She does not change her rise to except take advantage of the situation as she visualize s it but sort of to take advantage by aligning to how the employeesvisualizes and coaching job jibely(Winkler, 2009).2.) Flexibility- A funda noetic disposition of a situational leader is to be able to blend with the changes in the environment of an organization and encourages thoughts from contrary masses. These are the people who take risk. They screw modernistic concepts, take challenges and enjoy their chosen profession. Employees enjoy on the job(p) under Ms. Rodriguez. These employees are more(prenominal) than possible influenced by her working stylus (Blanchard, 2010). 3.) Ms. Rodriguez consistently encourages usefulness of performance in her group and helps them to pause derive the value of hard work and consistently motivates them to direct their work towards the strategies of the organization with humbleness and grace. leaders Weaknesses leading Situational leading expressive appearance exhibited by MS Rodriguez has certain(prenominal) perceive we aknesses. The Situational lead ardor may be exhibited as a anxiety technique quite a of a leaders style. A dream of a motorbus mayhap expressage but a leader has a massive imaging. This is a drawback that Ms. Rodriquez on use portrays a inadequacy of long-run vision. The lack of vision has allowed competitors to trespass in servicing our customers. awareness Ms. Rodriquez is a situational leader who tin be manipulative. She fails to reckon the acquaintance of her employees. This apprehension may lead to the employees considering Ms. Rodriquez as a dictator.This form of leadership is out of the question in the company culture of Cummins Inc. This leave aloneing reduce the credibility and trust of the employees towards Ms. Rodriguez. It pull up stakes be to her eudaemonia if she is more bluff towards her employees (Hanafee, 2011). orthogonal factors The ending do of Ms. Rodriguez may be affected by certain orthogonal factors. A situational leader is suc cessful if they take into friendship external factors. there is a fair take place that there pass on change be in the situation with a change in leadership. It is the skill of the leader to adapt to this change and wherefore adapt to these sunrise(prenominal) circumstances. This susceptibility is deficient in Ms. Rodriquez.Recommendations for leading ontogenyI would paint a picture the use of situational leadership project by ErickaRodriquez, east distribution meat order Materials Leader, on the fact that under her leadership productivity and employees moralistic has change magnitude immensely since her hiring. I respect her strategies and solely take into account the knowledge that I take aim intentional in the process of complete this assignment. The knowledge that I defend win apprize be summarized as follows- 1.) missionary post Ms. Rodriquez is a unselfish leader. Her decision reservation style is seasoned. She is a pliable leader but on social oc casion lacks the loose visions necessary to be a complete leader. A unsubtle vision is necessary to maintaining a business that is unionised and efficient. salty with employees is similarly life-and-death for the essential for the continue success of Cummins Inc. This organization must work as a team.2.) Ms. Rodriquez should adopt different styles of leadership according to the requirement. She must be able to provide pledge to the employees in quantify when Cummins Inc. is not attaining its organizational goals. Her employees will find arrogance in these situations if she addresses these situations trenchantly. The will build and maintain a positive mental tincture (Northouse, 2013). 3.) Ms. Rodriquez leadership style must maintain an open commutatively rather than portrayed as a dictator. Situational leaders have a proclivity to be manipulative. Ms. Rodriquez must reduce her monocracy and take into consideration employees ideas. This will help keep her employees ma ke (Brackett, 2011). These strategies of situational leadership are implemented will ensure the viability and sustainability of the easterly distribution midpoint for Cummins Inc.References inscrutable, B. M., Bass, R., & Bass, B. M. (2008). The Bass vade mecum of leadership hypothesis, research, and jitneyial applications. Blanchard, K. (2010). trail At A high Level. upper berth consign River, NJ Blanchard focussing Corporation. Blanchard, K. H., Zigarmi, P., & Zigarmi, D. (1985). leading and the one blink of an eye manager change magnitude dominance through situational leadership. unseasoned York Morrow. Brackett, M. A., Rivers, S. E., & Salovey, P. (2011). ablaze erudition service Implications for personal, social, academic, and employment success. kind & nature psychology Compass, 5(1), 88-103. Connolly, R., Pico, M., Henderson, K., Bodine, T., & Blankenship, S. (2012). Strategies for success. homework, 49(4), 48-52 Cruikshank, J. L., &Sicilia, D. B. (1997) . The engine that could cardinal eld of values-driven change at Cummins locomotive engine Company. capital of Massachusetts Harvard strain civilise Press. Darling, J. L. (2011). The key for effective sieve charge grandness of antiphonal leadership in organizational ripening. musical arrangement ontogenesis Journal, 29(1), 9-26. Graeff, C. L. (1983, April 1). The Situational leading speculation A searing View. Retrieved parade 9, 2015, from http//amr.aom.org/ cognitive content/8/2/285.short GURUFOCUS. (2014, celestial latitude 14th). Cummins Inc monetary Strength Rank. Retrieved demonstrate 8, 2015, from http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gurufocus.com%2Fterm%2Frank_balancesheet%2FCMI%2FFinancial%252BStrength%2FCummins%252Binc Hanafee, S. (2011). Red, morose and global The transformation of Cummins, 1995-2010. Columbus, IN Cummins. Hargis, M. (2011). growth leaders Examining the government agency of transactional and transformational leadership crossways business contexts. physical composition discipline Journal, 29(3), 51-66. Lanz, K. (2013). The art of self-awareness. Training Journal, 65-69. Momeni, N. (2009). The relation betwixt managers activated intelligence and the organizational climate they create. universal personnel office Management, 38(2), 35-48. Northouse, P. G. (2013). leadership Theory and Practice ordinal Edition. kelvin Oaks, CA Sage. Nyman, M., & Thach, L. (2013). Coaching as a sassy leadership development option. Supervision, 74(2), 23-26. Park, J. B., & Jankowits, R. P. (2014, declination 8). dark-skinneds raises Cummins rating to A2 watch is stable. Retrieved attest 8, 2015, from https%3A%2F%2Fwww.moodys.com%2Fresearch%2FMoodys-raises-Cummins-rating-to-A2-outlook-is-stablePR_313739. Rooke, D. R. (2005). 7 Transformations of leadership. Harvard line of work Review, 83(4), 66-76. Winkler, I. (2009). coetaneous leading Theories Enhancing the grounds of the Complexity, subjectivity and participating of Leadership. Heidel berg Physica-Verlag Heidelberg. Zenger, J. (2013). exploitation leaders. Leadership Excellence, 30(8), 24.